东北大学学报（社会科学版）

东北大学学报（社会科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (1): 34-40.DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2025.01.005

• 科技伦理与哲学思辨 • 上一篇    下一篇

从“合乎道德设计”走向“出于道德设计” -人工智能道德设计的路径转换

汪姿君， 陈多闻   

  1. （东北大学 马克思主义学院， 辽宁 沈阳 110169）
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-05 修回日期:2023-11-05 接受日期:2023-11-05 发布日期:2025-02-10
  • 通讯作者: -
  • 作者简介:汪姿君，东北大学博士研究生；陈多闻，东北大学教授，博士生导师。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目（24&ZD173）； 辽宁省社会科学基金项目(L20BZX003)。

From “Accord with Ethical Design” to “Start from Ethical Design”: The Path Transformation of Ethical Design in Artificial Intelligence

WANG Zijun, CHEN Duowen   

  1. (School of Marxism, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China)
  • Received:2023-11-05 Revised:2023-11-05 Accepted:2023-11-05 Published:2025-02-10
  • Contact: -
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摘要： 人工智能道德设计是机器伦理学研究的核心议题，该议题可基于道德归属视角，划分为两种研究路径：“合乎道德设计”和“出于道德设计”。其中，前者以嵌入人类道德原则或道德规范等为目标，然而它所产生的终究是“属人”的道德，同时还会陷入本体论困境、认识论困境和价值论困境之中。后者以嵌入道德根基为目标，它能促进“属AI”的道德生成。二者相比，“出于道德设计”更具优势。在实践上，它能超越合乎道德设计所面临的三重困境，并与“合乎道德设计”形成内生道德与外入道德的互补，共同预防AI不道德行为的发生。在理论上，它能推动道德哲学研究，促进人在道德层面的自我体认，增强对道德规范性来源的把握，进而指引并预测人工智能的发展。

关键词: 人工智能； 合乎道德设计； 出于道德设计； 道德根基

Abstract: The ethical design in artificial intelligence is a core topic of machine ethics research, which can be divided into two research paths based on the perspective of moral attribution: “accord with ethical design” and “start from ethical design”. Of the two, the former aims to embed human moral principles or moral norms, but it ultimately produces a “human” morality, and will also fall into ontological, epistemological, and axiological dilemmas, and the latter aims to embed moral foundations, which can promote the generation of “AIbased” morality. If the two are compared, “start from ethical design” has more advantages. In practice, it can go beyond the triple dilemma faced by ethical design and complement endogenous and exogenous morality with ethical design, jointly preventing the occurrence of AI unethical behavior. In theory, it can promote the study of moral philosophy, enhance peoples selfawareness at the moral level, strengthen their grasp of the sources of moral norms, and then guide and predict the development of artificial intelligence.

Key words: artificial intelligence; accord with ethical design; start from ethical design; moral foundation

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