金属熔丝成型17-4PH制品表面粗糙度

doi:10.12068/j.issn.1005-3026.2025.20240042

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于逐层累加的成型特点及脱脂/烧结工艺过程的影响，金属熔丝成型（metal fused filament fabrication，MFFF）制品的表面质量存在明显缺陷.优化过程参数是改善表面质量的有效方法之一.首先，基于Box-Behnken设计原理制备了MFFF生坯/烧结样件，并通过实验确定了各样件的表面粗糙度；然后，根据响应曲面法分析了过程参数的个体效应和交互效应，对实验结果进行方差分析以确定显著因素；最后，通过回归分析获得统计模型和优化的过程参数组合，并对其进行实验验证.结果表明，优化过程参数能够有效改善MFFF制品的表面质量；挤出倍率对样件表面粗糙度的影响最大，成型速度的影响最小；适量增加挤出倍率有助于提高生坯件表面质量.

关键词: 金属熔丝成型, 过程参数优化, 表面粗糙度, 实验验证

Abstract:

Due to the layer-by-layer accumulation and the influence of the debinding/sintering process， the surface of products by metal fused filament fabrication（MFFF）has obvious defects. Optimization of processing parameters is one of the effective methods to improve the surface quality. Firstly， MFFF green/sintered samples were prepared based on the Box-Behnken design principle， and the surface roughness of different parts was experimentally determined. The individual and interaction effects of the processing parameters were then analyzed according to the response surface method， and a variance analysis was conducted on the experimental results to determine the significant factors. Finally， the statistical model and optimized combination of processing parameters were obtained by regression analysis and experimentally verified. The results show that the optimization of processing parameters can effectively improve the surface quality of MFFF products. Extrusion multiplier has the greatest effect on the surface roughness of the sample， and the printing speed has the least effect. Appropriately increasing the extrusion multiplier is helpful to improve the surface quality of green parts.

Key words: metal fused filament fabrication, processing parameter optimization, surface roughness, experimental validation

中图分类号:

TH 164

姜世杰, 王菲, 李曙光, 许子沼. 金属熔丝成型17-4PH制品表面粗糙度[J]. 东北大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 46(11): 82-89.

Shi-jie JIANG, Fei WANG, Shu-guang LI, Zi-zhao XU. Surface Roughness of 17-4PH Products by Metal Fused Filament Fabrication[J]. Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science), 2025, 46(11): 82-89.

图/表 15

参考文献 15

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编码	因素
编码	熔融温度A/℃	成型速度B/(mm·s^-1)	挤出倍率C/%	层高D/mm
-1	230	15	100	0.10
0	240	20	110	0.15
1	250	25	120	0.20

编码	因素
编码	熔融温度A/℃	成型速度B/(mm·s^-1)	挤出倍率C/%	层高D/mm
-1	230	15	100	0.10
0	240	20	110	0.15
1	250	25	120	0.20

组别	因素				垂直纤维长度方向表面粗糙度 R_a1V/µm	平行纤维长度方向表面粗糙度 R_a1P/µm
组别	熔融温度A/℃	成型速度B/(mm·s^-1)	挤出倍率C/%	层高D/mm	垂直纤维长度方向表面粗糙度 R_a1V/µm	平行纤维长度方向表面粗糙度 R_a1P/µm
1	0	0	0	0	3.71	2.43
2	0	1	-1	0	12.42	6.34
3	0	1	0	-1	5.91	4.95
4	0	0	0	0	5.29	2.49
5	0	0	1	-1	2.09	1.54
6	0	1	1	0	1.71	1.32
7	1	1	0	0	3.92	1.75
8	-1	0	-1	0	10.07	3.84
9	-1	0	0	1	6.01	2.17
10	0	-1	0	1	8.57	1.56
11	-1	0	1	0	2.46	1.42
12	1	0	0	1	6.64	3.25
13	0	-1	-1	0	9.65	6.34
14	-1	0	0	-1	5.71	4.18
15	0	0	1	1	3.44	1.34
16	0	1	0	1	8.52	3.55
17	-1	1	0	0	4.56	2.69
18	-1	-1	0	0	5.88	3.70
19	0	-1	1	0	6.27	1.45
20	0	0	0	0	6.78	2.24
21	0	0	0	0	6.09	2.22
22	1	-1	0	0	7.95	1.48
23	0	0	-1	1	12.06	6.45
24	0	-1	0	-1	5.94	1.50
25	0	0	-1	-1	9.36	5.06
26	1	0	1	0	5.57	2.45
27	0	0	0	0	6.20	1.23
28	1	0	0	-1	6.05	1.53
29	1	0	-1	0	10.22	2.53

组别	因素				垂直纤维长度方向表面粗糙度 R_a1V/µm	平行纤维长度方向表面粗糙度 R_a1P/µm
组别	熔融温度A/℃	成型速度B/(mm·s^-1)	挤出倍率C/%	层高D/mm	垂直纤维长度方向表面粗糙度 R_a1V/µm	平行纤维长度方向表面粗糙度 R_a1P/µm
1	0	0	0	0	3.71	2.43
2	0	1	-1	0	12.42	6.34
3	0	1	0	-1	5.91	4.95
4	0	0	0	0	5.29	2.49
5	0	0	1	-1	2.09	1.54
6	0	1	1	0	1.71	1.32
7	1	1	0	0	3.92	1.75
8	-1	0	-1	0	10.07	3.84
9	-1	0	0	1	6.01	2.17
10	0	-1	0	1	8.57	1.56
11	-1	0	1	0	2.46	1.42
12	1	0	0	1	6.64	3.25
13	0	-1	-1	0	9.65	6.34
14	-1	0	0	-1	5.71	4.18
15	0	0	1	1	3.44	1.34
16	0	1	0	1	8.52	3.55
17	-1	1	0	0	4.56	2.69
18	-1	-1	0	0	5.88	3.70
19	0	-1	1	0	6.27	1.45
20	0	0	0	0	6.78	2.24
21	0	0	0	0	6.09	2.22
22	1	-1	0	0	7.95	1.48
23	0	0	-1	1	12.06	6.45
24	0	-1	0	-1	5.94	1.50
25	0	0	-1	-1	9.36	5.06
26	1	0	1	0	5.57	2.45
27	0	0	0	0	6.20	1.23
28	1	0	0	-1	6.05	1.53
29	1	0	-1	0	10.22	2.53

数据来源	平方和	自由度	均方	F值	p值
R²=0.91
模型R_a1V	193.93	14	13.85	10.61	<0.000 1
A-熔融温度	2.68	1	2.68	2.05	0.173 7
B-成型速度	4.34	1	4.34	3.32	0.089 8
C-挤出倍率	148.72	1	148.72	113.86	<0.000 1
D-层高	8.59	1	8.59	6.58	0.022 5
AB	1.83	1	1.83	1.40	0.256 3
AC	2.19	1	2.19	1.68	0.215 8
AD	0.02	1	0.02	0.02	0.902 5
BC	13.42	1	13.42	10.28	0.006 4
BD	0.000 1	1	0.000 1	0.000 1	0.993 5
CD	0.45	1	0.45	0.35	0.565 6
A²	0.12	1	0.12	0.09	0.767 4
B²	2.73	1	2.73	2.09	0.170 5
C²	8.59	1	8.59	6.58	0.022 5
D²	1.77	1	1.77	1.36	0.263 6
残差	18.29	14	1.31
失拟项	12.63	10	1.26	0.89	0.599 7
纯误差	5.66	4	1.41