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25 July 2020, Volume 22 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Scientific and Technological Philosophy
Economics and Management
Politics and Public Management
Law
Education
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Scientific and Technological Philosophy

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On the Chinese Cultural Psychology of Technophobia WANG Bin， KONG Yan 2020, 22 (4):  1-6.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.001 Abstract ( 581 )   HTML   PDF (994KB) ( 1187 )   As the psychological and behavioral response of human beings to technology， technophobia deduces itself into a social phenomenon and cultural existence with the development of technology and society. Chinese traditional awe and humility of the unity of the nature and man laid the cultural and psychological foundation for technophobia. Technophobia since the modern times is not only a direct response to the negative effects of technology itself， but also a generalization of the fear of technology caused by humiliation， oppression and threat brought by advanced technologies to the underdeveloped countries， forming the unique cultural psychology of technophobia with the interaction between inferiority and conceit. Cultural self-confidence has stimulated a great psychological motive force of technological development， got rid of the polarization fluctuation of cultural inferiority and cultural conceit， integrated the positive elements such as awe and humility in the traditional culture， and promoted the technophobia to enter a new stage of cultural psychological integration. Meanwhile， it has brought positive enlightenment to the development of science and technology in China of the new era. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Emerging Human Enhancement Technology and Its Protection and Promotion of the Dignity of the Disabled CHE Yuan 2020, 22 (4):  7-13.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.002 Abstract ( 448 )   HTML   PDF (920KB) ( 884 )   Today the development of human enhancement technology provides opportunities and conditions for the vulnerable group of the disabled to improve their situations and dignity. Some natural defects of the human body caused by accident can be repaired by physical enhancement technology. In addition to helping the disabled get rid of negative emotions， emotional enhancement technology can also increase the public's empathy for the disabled. Moral enhancement technology can prompt people to take responsibility for improving the living environment of the disabled. Moreover， cognitive enhancement technology may also promote moral enhancement because moral sense is based on judgment. Enhancement technology itself is beneficial to the disabled， but its unreasonable distribution and use may even aggravate the disadvantages of the disabled. Thus， its application calls for a deeper rethinking. Only by rationally constructing a fair and just social system can human enhancement technology effectively protect the rights and dignity of the disabled， and this process reflects the protection of the rights and dignity of the whole mankind. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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New Understanding of Environmental Design Concept from Ecological Dimension——Based on Gibson's Affordance Theory GU Xiao-dan， LUO Ling-ling， CHEN Hong-bing 2020, 22 (4):  14-20.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.003 Abstract ( 837 )   HTML   PDF (925KB) ( 1447 )   Affordance theory is a groundbreaking ecological thought put forward by Gibson， who solved the ecological unity of human beings and the environment from the micro-psychological mechanism， and constructed the embodied interaction between human beings and the environment at the perceptual level. Environmental design around human beings and the environment should fundamentally absorb Gibson's ecological thought， and the environmental design based on affordance is an expanding mechanism to predict the human-environment ecological relationship， which presupposes appropriate natural and social affordance in the environment. The understanding of the ecological nature of environmental design should start from human beings' naturalness， taking human's natural behaviors and natural emotions as the fundamental purpose of design. It is clear that the purpose of ecological design is to return to the correct ecological position of people at the body level. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Economics and Management

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A Research on Organizational Slack and Speed of Internationalization of Emerging Market Firms Based on Composition-based View——The Moderating Effect of Environmental Munificence and Organizational Ambidexterity LI Zi-jie， ZHANG Ban-ruo 2020, 22 (4):  21-28.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.004 Abstract ( 344 )   HTML   PDF (988KB) ( 940 )   Based on composition-based view， this paper analyzes the situation of rapid internationalization of firms in emerging market represented by China， and explores the relationship between organizational slack and the speed of internationalization of firms through theoretical analysis and empirical test. It is found that there is a positive relationship between organizational slack and speed of internationalization. In addition， environmental munificence negatively moderates the relationship between organizational slack and speed of internationalization， and the degree of organizational ambidexterity positively moderates the relationship between organizational slack and speed of internationalization. The study brings the time dimension into the process of internationalization through a dynamic perspective， and empirically tests some of the elements in the composition-based view， which can be used as a reference for emerging market firms to formulate appropriate internationalization strategies according to internal resources and external environment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An Empirical Study on the Influence of China's Rural Income Brackets on Household Consumption Structure——Micro Evidence Based on CFPS Data NIE Rong， YANG Dan， SHEN Da-juan 2020, 22 (4):  29-37.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.005 Abstract ( 466 )   HTML   PDF (954KB) ( 1393 )   Consumption is an important engine to promote economic development. Stimulating rural consumption and optimizing the consumption structure of rural households can promote the sustainable development of China's economy. Based on the micro data of China Family Panel Studies (CFPS)， the method of quantile regression is used to analyze the influence of different income brackets on the consumption structure of rural households. It is found that the per capita net income of the household has a significant promoting effect on the survival and non-survival consumption of high-and middle-income rural families， but it has no significant effect on the survival and non-survival consumption of low-income rural families. The per capita net income of the household has different effects on the survival and non-survival consumption of rural families with high and middle incomes at different consumption levels. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Will Incidental Awe Inspire People to Donate? LIANG Jian-ping， GUO Lei-lei， LIU Zhao-bin 2020, 22 (4):  38-46.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.006 Abstract ( 433 )   HTML   PDF (1014KB) ( 1455 )   Awe is a common positive emotion. Based on the “donation decision model” and the “inspiration-help” hypothesis， this study examines how incidental awe affects people's donation behavior through two experiments. The results show that incidental awe can increase the willingness to donate by evoking the level of individuals' inspiration and enabling individuals to infer the donee's lack of self-help ability; openness to experience can play a moderating role in the above mechanism. Incidental awe can increase the donor's willingness to donate through the above two mediating mechanisms for individuals with high openness to experience， whereas for individuals with low openness to experience， incidental awe can only increase the willingness to donate by enabling individuals to infer the donee's lack of self-help ability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Politics and Public Management

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How Does Public Service Motivation Affect Job Performance: Promotion or Interference?——The Evidence from Meta-analysis ZHANG Ping， LIU Wei-min 2020, 22 (4):  47-56.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.007 Abstract ( 377 )   HTML   PDF (1096KB) ( 1409 )   Previous studies on the relationship between public service motivation and job performance differ greatly in the relationship strength， direction of action and significance level. To clarify difficulties， the meta-analysis method is used to sort and analyze 35 related Chinese and English literatures. The study finds that there is a moderate positive correlation between public service motivation and job performance. Cultural background， performance evaluation criteria and research design can significantly regulate the relationship between public service motivation and job performance， but the adjustment effect of PSM measurement tools is not significant. The meta-analysis results show that public service motivation is an effective driving force to promote work performance. In the future， we should explore the intermediary mechanism from the perspective of extended meta-analysis technology. We should explore new adjustment variables and potential boundary conditions， grasp the dimension matching law， and find the optimal solution for performance improvement to reveal the deep-level mechanism of the motivation-performance relationship. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Structural Dilemma of Urban Grassroots Community Governance from the Perspective of Policy Network ——An Empirical Research Based on Micro-renewal of Shanghai A Street Office GUO Yu-chen， DAI Shu-yuan 2020, 22 (4):  57-65.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.008 Abstract ( 406 )   HTML   PDF (1175KB) ( 1233 )   In order to explore the causes of the structural dilemma of urban grassroots community governance in the policy process and propose ways to improve the effectiveness of community governance， this paper uses policy networks as an analytical tool to conduct a process-practical analysis of two micro-renewal projects in Shanghai A street office. By methods of paired comparison， semi-structured interview and participatory observation， we find that the structural dilemma of urban grassroots community governance is closely related to the stability inertia of the government， the limited development of social organizations， and the absence of supportive policies. The empirical research shows that to improve the effectiveness of community governance from the perspective of policy networks， we should rely on pivotal social organizations to improve the internal environment and external structure of issue network， and establish a dynamic relationship among professional network， producer network， and issue network. Meantime， we should use the influence of professional network exerted on policy community to promote the negotiation and implementation of the supportive policies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Internal Logic and Strategic Orientation of Corruption Governance in China from the Perspective of Institutional Change RONG Zhen， BAI Wei-chun 2020, 22 (4):  66-72.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.009 Abstract ( 368 )   HTML   PDF (918KB) ( 1069 )   The internal logic of the change of corruption governance system breeds the strategic orientation of corruption governance. From the perspective of institutional change， this paper comprehensively uses the institutional paradigm to analyze the process of corruption governance in China since the reform and opening up， and explores the internal logic of corruption governance in China from the three dimensions of endogenous and exogenous power mechanism， multiple governance subjects， and mandatory and induced changes. Based on the internal logic of the process of corruption governance， combined with the situation of corruption in the new era and the practical needs of the reform and improvement of the corruption governance system， this paper summarizes the strategic orientation of corruption governance in China， which includes three aspects: adhering to the logical fulcrum of the Party as the center， the value concept of the thinking of the rule of law and the coordination of multiple subjects. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An Analysis on the Structural Elements and Action Mechanism of the Ecological Environment Governance of Chinese Provincial Governments Under the Background of Environmental Protection Supervision GAO Deng-hui， WEI Shu-yan 2020, 22 (4):  73-81.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.010 Abstract ( 386 )   HTML   PDF (1091KB) ( 989 )   The central government has carried out environmental protection supervision covering 31 provinces to make the progress of ecological environment management in each province transparent and open. This study uses the grounded theory for reference to analyze the content of the eco-environmental governance work of the provincial governments involving 31 feedbacks from Central Environmental Supervision. As many as 549 initial concepts， 125 categories and 16 main categories are obtained. Three major structural elements of the ecological environment governance of provincial governments， namely driving elements， core elements， and result elements are summarized. By analyzing the effects of the mechanism of each element on the ecological environment governance of provincial governments， it is proposed that improving the inefficiency of the ecological environment governance of provincial governments requires efforts from three aspects， i.e. rational use of driving mechanisms， improvement of core elements， and optimization of result evaluation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Law

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A Research on Non-normative Clauses in Civil Code LI Yan 2020, 22 (4):  82-88.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.011 Abstract ( 590 )   HTML   PDF (906KB) ( 1945 )   A large number of non-normative clauses exist in Civil legislation in China. The Civil Code continues this tradition. The identification standard is the absence of normative character. It has neither the function of behavior guidance and judgement basis， nor the auxiliary function of incomplete laws and regulations. Non-normative clauses in civil legislation are divided into declarative clauses， legislative purpose clauses， conscience clauses and academic rational clauses. The reasons for the non-normative clauses in civil legislation are that the role of civil law norms is biased， Legislative Construction Rationalism and Legislative Evolution Rationalism are confused， the cost benefit of legislation analysis system in civil law is missing， the level of civil theory research is low， the fascination and worship of Pandecten jurisprudence is excessive and the boundaries between legal norms and moral norms are blurred. The codification of the Civil Code in the future should correctly position the referee attribute of the civil law excluding declarative clauses， correctly position adjustment normative attribute of civil law excluding legislative purpose clauses， correctly position the private law attribute of civil law excluding public law repetitive clauses， correctly position the behavioral law attribute of civil law excluding conscience clauses and correctly control the number of interpretative provisions of civil law excluding academic rational clauses. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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On the Special Defense as a Cause of Non-imputability KONG Xiang-shen， XU Qi-ming 2020, 22 (4):  88-96.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.012 Abstract ( 541 )   HTML   PDF (955KB) ( 1258 )   Special defense stipulated in Chinese Criminal Law is a cause to prevent from responsibility due to lack of anticipated possibility， rather than a cause to prevent lawlessness based on the theory of balance of legal interests. The right of defense and justifiable defense system belong to different legal categories. The purpose of justifiable defense system is to limit the right of defense， but not to encourage and protect it. The provisions of the Criminal Law on special defense should be the legal fiction rather than attention. Unfortunately， judicial practice always follows the theory of balancing legal interests as a doctrine， so it is not necessary to understand special defense as attention to regulation. On the contrary， we should pay attention to the connotation of the cause of non-imputability. Special defense is a situation which is based on anticipated possibility and is objectively possible but subjectively impossible under the premise of over-defense. In the application of special defense， we should pay attention to the summary of judicial experience and form an objective judgment of anticipated possibility. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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An Analysis on Legal Models of CISG' Preemptive Application ——A Concurrent Discussion on Legislation and Judicial Practice of Application of International Commercial Treaties in China YANG Meng-sha 2020, 22 (4):  97-103.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.013 Abstract ( 581 )   HTML   PDF (928KB) ( 1913 )   The purposes of the uniform law of international commercial treaties determine their legal rules of preemptive application to domestic law. Taking the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods(CISG) as a typical example， its preemptive application rules have a clear legal basis in international law. While on domestic law level， how to deal with the legal conflicts between international commercial treaties and domestic law， directly affects the effect and degree of the judges' actual application of international commercial treaties. The main contracting parties of the Convention have implemented the preemptive application of the Convention through different legal paths based on their own constitutional， legislative， judicial and legal principles. Nowadays there is still scattered and chaotic application of Convention in judicial practice in China， so it is urgent to clarify the relationship between international commercial treaties and domestic law by strengthening the supply of legislation and judicial guidance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Education

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Engagement in Class and Learning Outcome of College Students ——An Analysis Based on the Model of Followership YANG Juan， SHAO Fan， ZEREN Jiang-zeng 2020, 22 (4):  104-111.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.014 Abstract ( 512 )   HTML   PDF (1041KB) ( 1591 )   Engagement in class is an important part of student engagement. Studying the types of engagement in class and their impact on learning outcome has a strong practical significance for ensuring the quality of higher education. Using the data of A university surveyed in China College Student Survey (2018) based on the theory of followership model， this study has explored students' types of engagement and their academic relation with learning outcome. It is found in the research that more than 60% of students in A university do not have active behaviors in class. In terms of types of engagement， the yes-person accounts for 8.9%， the sheep accounts for 38.3%， the alienated accounts for 26.1%， and the star followers accounts for 26.7%. The types of engagement in class have a significant impact on learning outcome. Faculties and administrators should understand and analyze the types of engagement in class objectively and deeply， and adopt different measures to enhance students' learning outcome to ensure the quality of education and teaching. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Linguistics and Literature

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Ethnic Discourses in National Representation: Chinese American Literary Criticism and American Literary History Writing YANG Ming-chen 2020, 22 (4):  112-119.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.015 Abstract ( 355 )   HTML   PDF (955KB) ( 1440 )   Chinese American literature has come into the view of mainstream American literary writing since 1980s， which made its cultural function and critical discourses distinct from that under traditional ethnic researches. In the system of national literature， Chinese American literary ethnicity was labeled as heterogeneity that could be correlated with other cultural groups， and it was attached to the significance of building pluralistic American community imagination. However， in the national discourses that continuously negotiated between pluralism and unification， Chinese American literature was inevitably forced into consistent mainstream ideas， and it was evaluated by linguistic correctness， cooperation with traditional literary classics and popular cultural quality. As a result， Chinese American literature was actually marginalized as Other in national representation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Writing of Wasted Human Beings and Its Ethical Implications in Time's Arrow SHU Shao-jun 2020, 22 (4):  120-126.  DOI: 10.15936/j.cnki.1008-3758.2020.04.016 Abstract ( 452 )   HTML   PDF (940KB) ( 985 )   While focusing on “doubling” and time inversion， the current studies on Martin Amis's Time's Arrow pay little attention to the special role of the writing of wasted human beings playing in exposing “the nature of the offence”. Starting from the detail that the weeds in a garden are degraded to waste， Amis interprets the nature of the Holocaust as two kinds of interrelated violence of being wasted under the context of modernity: the victim's wasted experience in terms of body due to Nazi's order project and the perpetrator's wasted experience in terms of ethics due to responsibility transfer. Instead of a postmodern trick of pursuing pranks， the writing of being wasted has its own ethical implications. In addition to challenging the paradigm regarding the Holocaust as the failure of modern civilization， Amis's writing of being wasted lies in asking the readers to make ethical judgement on the responsibility of the Holocaust through “nasty fun”. Meanwhile， it also aims at having the readers examine their own evil of banality， which may provide possible solutions to the anxiety of nuclear Holocaust in reality. References | Related Articles | Metrics